2A - Alcohols /35 |
1) State 1 method that alcohols are made [2]
Alkene and steam [1] with H3PO4 [1] OR
Fermentation of glucose [1] Yeast, 37oC [1]
2) Show with the aid of a diagram how ethanol dissolves in water: [2]
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H - bond must be from lone pair on one molecule to H on the other [1]
Dipoles [1] Labelled H - bond [1]
3) Write a balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of propanol [3]
C3H7OH + 4.5 O2 à 3CO2 + 4H2O
[1] [1] [1]
4) Classify the following alcohols as primary, secondary, tertiary: [3]
a) CH3CH2CH(OH)CH3 secondary [1]
b) (CH3)3C(OH) tertiary [1]
c) CH3CH2CH2CH2OH primary [1]
5) This question is about the oxidation of alcohols:
a) Name the product for the complete oxidation of propan-1-ol [1] Propanoic acid
b) Name the product for the complete oxidation of propan-2-ol [1] Propanone
c) Name the product for the partial oxidation of butan-1-ol [1] Butanal
d) What reagents would be used for the above oxidations [2]
sodium (or potassium) dichromate (VI) [1] Sulphuric acid [1]
e) What technique would be used for partial oxidation [1] distillation
f) Explain how this technique allows you to collect the desired product [1]
Aldehyde has PD - PD [1] alcohol and carboxylic acid has H-Bonding [1]
g) Write a balanced chemical equation for part (a) [3]
CH3CH2CH2OH + 2[O] à CH3CH2COOH + H2O
[1] [1] [1]
6) This question is about esters:
a) CH3CH2COOCH3 name this molecule [1] Methyl propanoate
b) HCOOCH2CH3 name this molecule [1] Ethyl methanoate
c) Write a balanced chemical equation for the formation of (a) [4]
CH3CH2COOH + CH3OH à CH3CH2COOCH3 + H2O
[1] [1] [1] [1]
d) Write a balanced chemical equation for the formation of (b) [4]
HCOOH + CH3CH2OH à HCOOCH2CH3 + H2O
[1] [1] [1] [1]
e) What other reagent would be used for the reactions above? [1] Sulphuric acid
7) Ethanol can be converted back into ethene.
Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction, include any other reagents [4]
CH3CH2OH à CH2=CH2 + H2O (phosphoric acid catalyst)
[1] [1] [1] [1]